diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/firmware/efi/libstub')
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile.zboot | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-entry.S | 67 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-stub.c | 31 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64.c | 79 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-entry.c | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-helper.c | 67 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub.c | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efistub.h | 66 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/randomalloc.c | 1 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/screen_info.c | 9 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/smbios.c | 15 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot-header.S | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot.c | 7 |
14 files changed, 254 insertions, 112 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile index be8b8c6e8b40..80d85a5169fb 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ lib-$(CONFIG_EFI_GENERIC_STUB) += efi-stub.o string.o intrinsics.o systable.o \ screen_info.o efi-stub-entry.o lib-$(CONFIG_ARM) += arm32-stub.o -lib-$(CONFIG_ARM64) += arm64.o arm64-stub.o arm64-entry.o smbios.o +lib-$(CONFIG_ARM64) += arm64.o arm64-stub.o smbios.o lib-$(CONFIG_X86) += x86-stub.o lib-$(CONFIG_RISCV) += riscv.o riscv-stub.o lib-$(CONFIG_LOONGARCH) += loongarch.o loongarch-stub.o @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ STUBCOPY_RELOC-$(CONFIG_ARM) := R_ARM_ABS # STUBCOPY_FLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM64) += --prefix-alloc-sections=.init \ --prefix-symbols=__efistub_ -STUBCOPY_RELOC-$(CONFIG_ARM64) := R_AARCH64_ABS64 +STUBCOPY_RELOC-$(CONFIG_ARM64) := R_AARCH64_ABS # For RISC-V, we don't need anything special other than arm64. Keep all the # symbols in .init section and make sure that no absolute symbols references diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile.zboot b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile.zboot index 43e9a4cab9f5..ccdd6a130d98 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile.zboot +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile.zboot @@ -44,4 +44,4 @@ OBJCOPYFLAGS_vmlinuz.efi := -O binary $(obj)/vmlinuz.efi: $(obj)/vmlinuz.efi.elf FORCE $(call if_changed,objcopy) -targets += zboot-header.o vmlinuz.o vmlinuz.efi.elf vmlinuz.efi +targets += zboot-header.o vmlinuz vmlinuz.o vmlinuz.efi.elf vmlinuz.efi diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-entry.S b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-entry.S deleted file mode 100644 index b5c17e89a4fc..000000000000 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-entry.S +++ /dev/null @@ -1,67 +0,0 @@ -/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */ -/* - * EFI entry point. - * - * Copyright (C) 2013, 2014 Red Hat, Inc. - * Author: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com> - */ -#include <linux/linkage.h> -#include <asm/assembler.h> - - /* - * The entrypoint of a arm64 bare metal image is at offset #0 of the - * image, so this is a reasonable default for primary_entry_offset. - * Only when the EFI stub is integrated into the core kernel, it is not - * guaranteed that the PE/COFF header has been copied to memory too, so - * in this case, primary_entry_offset should be overridden by the - * linker and point to primary_entry() directly. - */ - .weak primary_entry_offset - -SYM_CODE_START(efi_enter_kernel) - /* - * efi_pe_entry() will have copied the kernel image if necessary and we - * end up here with device tree address in x1 and the kernel entry - * point stored in x0. Save those values in registers which are - * callee preserved. - */ - ldr w2, =primary_entry_offset - add x19, x0, x2 // relocated Image entrypoint - - mov x0, x1 // DTB address - mov x1, xzr - mov x2, xzr - mov x3, xzr - - /* - * Clean the remainder of this routine to the PoC - * so that we can safely disable the MMU and caches. - */ - adr x4, 1f - dc civac, x4 - dsb sy - - /* Turn off Dcache and MMU */ - mrs x4, CurrentEL - cmp x4, #CurrentEL_EL2 - mrs x4, sctlr_el1 - b.ne 0f - mrs x4, sctlr_el2 -0: bic x4, x4, #SCTLR_ELx_M - bic x4, x4, #SCTLR_ELx_C - b.eq 1f - b 2f - - .balign 32 -1: pre_disable_mmu_workaround - msr sctlr_el2, x4 - isb - br x19 // jump to kernel entrypoint - -2: pre_disable_mmu_workaround - msr sctlr_el1, x4 - isb - br x19 // jump to kernel entrypoint - - .org 1b + 32 -SYM_CODE_END(efi_enter_kernel) diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-stub.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-stub.c index 7327b98d8e3f..770b8ecb7398 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-stub.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-stub.c @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ efi_status_t handle_kernel_image(unsigned long *image_addr, efi_handle_t image_handle) { efi_status_t status; - unsigned long kernel_size, kernel_memsize = 0; + unsigned long kernel_size, kernel_codesize, kernel_memsize; u32 phys_seed = 0; u64 min_kimg_align = efi_get_kimg_min_align(); @@ -85,14 +85,17 @@ efi_status_t handle_kernel_image(unsigned long *image_addr, } } - if (image->image_base != _text) + if (image->image_base != _text) { efi_err("FIRMWARE BUG: efi_loaded_image_t::image_base has bogus value\n"); + image->image_base = _text; + } if (!IS_ALIGNED((u64)_text, SEGMENT_ALIGN)) efi_err("FIRMWARE BUG: kernel image not aligned on %dk boundary\n", SEGMENT_ALIGN >> 10); kernel_size = _edata - _text; + kernel_codesize = __inittext_end - _text; kernel_memsize = kernel_size + (_end - _edata); *reserve_size = kernel_memsize; @@ -121,7 +124,7 @@ efi_status_t handle_kernel_image(unsigned long *image_addr, */ *image_addr = (u64)_text; *reserve_size = 0; - goto clean_image_to_poc; + return EFI_SUCCESS; } status = efi_allocate_pages_aligned(*reserve_size, reserve_addr, @@ -137,14 +140,22 @@ efi_status_t handle_kernel_image(unsigned long *image_addr, *image_addr = *reserve_addr; memcpy((void *)*image_addr, _text, kernel_size); + caches_clean_inval_pou(*image_addr, *image_addr + kernel_codesize); + efi_remap_image(*image_addr, *reserve_size, kernel_codesize); + + return EFI_SUCCESS; +} -clean_image_to_poc: +asmlinkage void primary_entry(void); + +unsigned long primary_entry_offset(void) +{ /* - * Clean the copied Image to the PoC, and ensure it is not shadowed by - * stale icache entries from before relocation. + * When built as part of the kernel, the EFI stub cannot branch to the + * kernel proper via the image header, as the PE/COFF header is + * strictly not part of the in-memory presentation of the image, only + * of the file representation. So instead, we need to jump to the + * actual entrypoint in the .text region of the image. */ - dcache_clean_poc(*image_addr, *image_addr + kernel_size); - asm("ic ialluis"); - - return EFI_SUCCESS; + return (char *)primary_entry - _text; } diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64.c index ff2d18c42ee7..8aad8c49d43f 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64.c @@ -16,17 +16,43 @@ static bool system_needs_vamap(void) { - const u8 *type1_family = efi_get_smbios_string(1, family); + const struct efi_smbios_type4_record *record; + const u32 __aligned(1) *socid; + const u8 *version; /* - * Ampere Altra machines crash in SetTime() if SetVirtualAddressMap() - * has not been called prior. + * Ampere eMAG, Altra, and Altra Max machines crash in SetTime() if + * SetVirtualAddressMap() has not been called prior. Most Altra systems + * can be identified by the SMCCC soc ID, which is conveniently exposed + * via the type 4 SMBIOS records. Otherwise, test the processor version + * field. eMAG systems all appear to have the processor version field + * set to "eMAG". */ - if (!type1_family || strcmp(type1_family, "Altra")) + record = (struct efi_smbios_type4_record *)efi_get_smbios_record(4); + if (!record) return false; - efi_warn("Working around broken SetVirtualAddressMap()\n"); - return true; + socid = (u32 *)record->processor_id; + switch (*socid & 0xffff000f) { + static char const altra[] = "Ampere(TM) Altra(TM) Processor"; + static char const emag[] = "eMAG"; + + default: + version = efi_get_smbios_string(&record->header, 4, + processor_version); + if (!version || (strncmp(version, altra, sizeof(altra) - 1) && + strncmp(version, emag, sizeof(emag) - 1))) + break; + + fallthrough; + + case 0x0a160001: // Altra + case 0x0a160002: // Altra Max + efi_warn("Working around broken SetVirtualAddressMap()\n"); + return true; + } + + return false; } efi_status_t check_platform_features(void) @@ -56,6 +82,12 @@ efi_status_t check_platform_features(void) return EFI_SUCCESS; } +#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_WORKAROUND_CLEAN_CACHE +#define DCTYPE "civac" +#else +#define DCTYPE "cvau" +#endif + void efi_cache_sync_image(unsigned long image_base, unsigned long alloc_size, unsigned long code_size) @@ -64,13 +96,38 @@ void efi_cache_sync_image(unsigned long image_base, u64 lsize = 4 << cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(ctr, CTR_EL0_DminLine_SHIFT); - do { - asm("dc civac, %0" :: "r"(image_base)); - image_base += lsize; - alloc_size -= lsize; - } while (alloc_size >= lsize); + /* only perform the cache maintenance if needed for I/D coherency */ + if (!(ctr & BIT(CTR_EL0_IDC_SHIFT))) { + do { + asm("dc " DCTYPE ", %0" :: "r"(image_base)); + image_base += lsize; + code_size -= lsize; + } while (code_size >= lsize); + } asm("ic ialluis"); dsb(ish); isb(); } + +unsigned long __weak primary_entry_offset(void) +{ + /* + * By default, we can invoke the kernel via the branch instruction in + * the image header, so offset #0. This will be overridden by the EFI + * stub build that is linked into the core kernel, as in that case, the + * image header may not have been loaded into memory, or may be mapped + * with non-executable permissions. + */ + return 0; +} + +void __noreturn efi_enter_kernel(unsigned long entrypoint, + unsigned long fdt_addr, + unsigned long fdt_size) +{ + void (* __noreturn enter_kernel)(u64, u64, u64, u64); + + enter_kernel = (void *)entrypoint + primary_entry_offset(); + enter_kernel(fdt_addr, 0, 0, 0); +} diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-entry.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-entry.c index 5245c4f031c0..cc4dcaea67fa 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-entry.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-entry.c @@ -5,6 +5,15 @@ #include "efistub.h" +static unsigned long screen_info_offset; + +struct screen_info *alloc_screen_info(void) +{ + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM)) + return __alloc_screen_info(); + return (void *)&screen_info + screen_info_offset; +} + /* * EFI entry point for the generic EFI stub used by ARM, arm64, RISC-V and * LoongArch. This is the entrypoint that is described in the PE/COFF header @@ -56,6 +65,8 @@ efi_status_t __efiapi efi_pe_entry(efi_handle_t handle, return status; } + screen_info_offset = image_addr - (unsigned long)image->image_base; + status = efi_stub_common(handle, image, image_addr, cmdline_ptr); efi_free(image_size, image_addr); diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-helper.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-helper.c index f5a4bdacac64..1e0203d74691 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-helper.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-helper.c @@ -651,3 +651,70 @@ efi_status_t efi_wait_for_key(unsigned long usec, efi_input_key_t *key) return status; } + +/** + * efi_remap_image - Remap a loaded image with the appropriate permissions + * for code and data + * + * @image_base: the base of the image in memory + * @alloc_size: the size of the area in memory occupied by the image + * @code_size: the size of the leading part of the image containing code + * and read-only data + * + * efi_remap_image() uses the EFI memory attribute protocol to remap the code + * region of the loaded image read-only/executable, and the remainder + * read-write/non-executable. The code region is assumed to start at the base + * of the image, and will therefore cover the PE/COFF header as well. + */ +void efi_remap_image(unsigned long image_base, unsigned alloc_size, + unsigned long code_size) +{ + efi_guid_t guid = EFI_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTE_PROTOCOL_GUID; + efi_memory_attribute_protocol_t *memattr; + efi_status_t status; + u64 attr; + + /* + * If the firmware implements the EFI_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTE_PROTOCOL, let's + * invoke it to remap the text/rodata region of the decompressed image + * as read-only and the data/bss region as non-executable. + */ + status = efi_bs_call(locate_protocol, &guid, NULL, (void **)&memattr); + if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) + return; + + // Get the current attributes for the entire region + status = memattr->get_memory_attributes(memattr, image_base, + alloc_size, &attr); + if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) { + efi_warn("Failed to retrieve memory attributes for image region: 0x%lx\n", + status); + return; + } + + // Mark the code region as read-only + status = memattr->set_memory_attributes(memattr, image_base, code_size, + EFI_MEMORY_RO); + if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) { + efi_warn("Failed to remap code region read-only\n"); + return; + } + + // If the entire region was already mapped as non-exec, clear the + // attribute from the code region. Otherwise, set it on the data + // region. + if (attr & EFI_MEMORY_XP) { + status = memattr->clear_memory_attributes(memattr, image_base, + code_size, + EFI_MEMORY_XP); + if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) + efi_warn("Failed to remap code region executable\n"); + } else { + status = memattr->set_memory_attributes(memattr, + image_base + code_size, + alloc_size - code_size, + EFI_MEMORY_XP); + if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) + efi_warn("Failed to remap data region non-executable\n"); + } +} diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub.c index 2955c1ac6a36..f9c1e8a2bd1d 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub.c @@ -47,11 +47,6 @@ static u64 virtmap_base = EFI_RT_VIRTUAL_BASE; static bool flat_va_mapping = (EFI_RT_VIRTUAL_OFFSET != 0); -struct screen_info * __weak alloc_screen_info(void) -{ - return &screen_info; -} - void __weak free_screen_info(struct screen_info *si) { } diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efistub.h b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efistub.h index 5b8f2c411ed8..148013bcb5f8 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efistub.h +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efistub.h @@ -442,6 +442,26 @@ union efi_dxe_services_table { } mixed_mode; }; +typedef union efi_memory_attribute_protocol efi_memory_attribute_protocol_t; + +union efi_memory_attribute_protocol { + struct { + efi_status_t (__efiapi *get_memory_attributes)( + efi_memory_attribute_protocol_t *, efi_physical_addr_t, u64, u64 *); + + efi_status_t (__efiapi *set_memory_attributes)( + efi_memory_attribute_protocol_t *, efi_physical_addr_t, u64, u64); + + efi_status_t (__efiapi *clear_memory_attributes)( + efi_memory_attribute_protocol_t *, efi_physical_addr_t, u64, u64); + }; + struct { + u32 get_memory_attributes; + u32 set_memory_attributes; + u32 clear_memory_attributes; + } mixed_mode; +}; + typedef union efi_uga_draw_protocol efi_uga_draw_protocol_t; union efi_uga_draw_protocol { @@ -1042,6 +1062,7 @@ efi_enable_reset_attack_mitigation(void) { } void efi_retrieve_tpm2_eventlog(void); struct screen_info *alloc_screen_info(void); +struct screen_info *__alloc_screen_info(void); void free_screen_info(struct screen_info *si); void efi_cache_sync_image(unsigned long image_base, @@ -1054,6 +1075,8 @@ struct efi_smbios_record { u16 handle; }; +const struct efi_smbios_record *efi_get_smbios_record(u8 type); + struct efi_smbios_type1_record { struct efi_smbios_record header; @@ -1067,13 +1090,48 @@ struct efi_smbios_type1_record { u8 family; }; -#define efi_get_smbios_string(__type, __name) ({ \ - int size = sizeof(struct efi_smbios_type ## __type ## _record); \ +struct efi_smbios_type4_record { + struct efi_smbios_record header; + + u8 socket; + u8 processor_type; + u8 processor_family; + u8 processor_manufacturer; + u8 processor_id[8]; + u8 processor_version; + u8 voltage; + u16 external_clock; + u16 max_speed; + u16 current_speed; + u8 status; + u8 processor_upgrade; + u16 l1_cache_handle; + u16 l2_cache_handle; + u16 l3_cache_handle; + u8 serial_number; + u8 asset_tag; + u8 part_number; + u8 core_count; + u8 enabled_core_count; + u8 thread_count; + u16 processor_characteristics; + u16 processor_family2; + u16 core_count2; + u16 enabled_core_count2; + u16 thread_count2; + u16 thread_enabled; +}; + +#define efi_get_smbios_string(__record, __type, __name) ({ \ int off = offsetof(struct efi_smbios_type ## __type ## _record, \ __name); \ - __efi_get_smbios_string(__type, off, size); \ + __efi_get_smbios_string((__record), __type, off); \ }) -const u8 *__efi_get_smbios_string(u8 type, int offset, int recsize); +const u8 *__efi_get_smbios_string(const struct efi_smbios_record *record, + u8 type, int offset); + +void efi_remap_image(unsigned long image_base, unsigned alloc_size, + unsigned long code_size); #endif diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/randomalloc.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/randomalloc.c index 1692d19ae80f..32c7a54923b4 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/randomalloc.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/randomalloc.c @@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ efi_status_t efi_random_alloc(unsigned long size, * to calculate the randomly chosen address, and allocate it directly * using EFI_ALLOCATE_ADDRESS. */ + status = EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES; for (map_offset = 0; map_offset < map->map_size; map_offset += map->desc_size) { efi_memory_desc_t *md = (void *)map->map + map_offset; efi_physical_addr_t target; diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/screen_info.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/screen_info.c index 8e76a8b384ba..4be1c4d1f922 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/screen_info.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/screen_info.c @@ -15,18 +15,11 @@ * early, but it only works if the EFI stub is part of the core kernel image * itself. The zboot decompressor can only use the configuration table * approach. - * - * In order to support both methods from the same build of the EFI stub - * library, provide this dummy global definition of struct screen_info. If it - * is required to satisfy a link dependency, it means we need to override the - * __weak alloc and free methods with the ones below, and those will be pulled - * in as well. */ -struct screen_info screen_info; static efi_guid_t screen_info_guid = LINUX_EFI_SCREEN_INFO_TABLE_GUID; -struct screen_info *alloc_screen_info(void) +struct screen_info *__alloc_screen_info(void) { struct screen_info *si; efi_status_t status; diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/smbios.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/smbios.c index 460418b7f5f5..c217de2cc8d5 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/smbios.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/smbios.c @@ -22,21 +22,30 @@ struct efi_smbios_protocol { u8 minor_version; }; -const u8 *__efi_get_smbios_string(u8 type, int offset, int recsize) +const struct efi_smbios_record *efi_get_smbios_record(u8 type) { struct efi_smbios_record *record; efi_smbios_protocol_t *smbios; efi_status_t status; u16 handle = 0xfffe; - const u8 *strtable; status = efi_bs_call(locate_protocol, &EFI_SMBIOS_PROTOCOL_GUID, NULL, (void **)&smbios) ?: efi_call_proto(smbios, get_next, &handle, &type, &record, NULL); if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) return NULL; + return record; +} + +const u8 *__efi_get_smbios_string(const struct efi_smbios_record *record, + u8 type, int offset) +{ + const u8 *strtable; + + if (!record) + return NULL; - strtable = (u8 *)record + recsize; + strtable = (u8 *)record + record->length; for (int i = 1; i < ((u8 *)record)[offset]; i++) { int len = strlen(strtable); diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot-header.S b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot-header.S index ec4525d40e0c..445cb646eaaa 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot-header.S +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot-header.S @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ __efistub_efi_zboot_header: .long .Lefi_header_end - .Ldoshdr .long 0 .short IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_APPLICATION - .short 0 + .short IMAGE_DLL_CHARACTERISTICS_NX_COMPAT #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT .quad 0, 0, 0, 0 #else diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot.c index 66be5fdc6b58..6105e5e2eda4 100644 --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot.c +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/zboot.c @@ -57,6 +57,11 @@ void __weak efi_cache_sync_image(unsigned long image_base, // executable code loaded into memory to be safe for execution. } +struct screen_info *alloc_screen_info(void) +{ + return __alloc_screen_info(); +} + asmlinkage efi_status_t __efiapi efi_zboot_entry(efi_handle_t handle, efi_system_table_t *systab) { @@ -137,6 +142,8 @@ efi_zboot_entry(efi_handle_t handle, efi_system_table_t *systab) efi_cache_sync_image(image_base, alloc_size, code_size); + efi_remap_image(image_base, alloc_size, code_size); + status = efi_stub_common(handle, image, image_base, cmdline_ptr); free_image: |